{"id":271815,"date":"2025-05-01T10:30:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T14:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/policyoptions.irpp.org\/issues\/refugies-haitiens-quebec\/"},"modified":"2025-10-08T00:12:48","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T04:12:48","slug":"refugies-haitiens-quebec","status":"publish","type":"issues","link":"https:\/\/policyoptions.irpp.org\/fr\/2025\/05\/refugies-haitiens-quebec\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ha\u00eftiens : le Qu\u00e9bec est-il pr\u00eat \u00e0 faire face \u00e0 un nouvel afflux migratoire ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Qu\u00e9bec doit se pr\u00e9parer \u00e0 accueillir un nombre potentiellement \u00e9lev\u00e9 de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ha\u00eftiens en provenance des \u00c9tats-Unis, et ce, dans un contexte \u00e9conomique et institutionnel d\u00e9j\u00e0 tendu.<\/p>\n

En f\u00e9vrier 2025,<\/a> l\u2019administration Trump a annonc\u00e9<\/a> qu\u2019elle r\u00e9duisait \u00e0 12 mois la prolongation du statut de protection temporaire accord\u00e9e aux Ha\u00eftiens vivant aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Cette prolongation, accord\u00e9e par son pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseur Joe Biden en juin 2024, \u00e9tait initialement pr\u00e9vue pour 18 mois. Si cette d\u00e9cision n\u2019est pas annul\u00e9e, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 520 694 personnes<\/a> perdront donc leur statut le 4 ao\u00fbt 2025.<\/p>\n

Si, comme entre 2017 et 2019, 7,5 % de ces personnes<\/a> choisissent de demander l\u2019asile au Canada, cela repr\u00e9senterait environ 39 000 individus \u2014 dont une majorit\u00e9 viendrait au Qu\u00e9bec. Cette situation poserait un d\u00e9fi majeur pour une province qui pr\u00e9voit accueillir un maximum de 51 500 migrants<\/a> en 2025, dont seulement 7 200 r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L\u2019histoire qui se r\u00e9p\u00e8te<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Rappelons qu\u2019en 2017, Donald Trump avait refus\u00e9 de renouveler<\/a> le statut de protection temporaire pour quelque 46 000 Ha\u00eftiens. Ce changement avait provoqu\u00e9 une augmentation marqu\u00e9e des demandes d\u2019asile au Canada, et particuli\u00e8rement au Qu\u00e9bec. Selon Immigration, R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et Citoyennet\u00e9 Canada, environ la moiti\u00e9 des 6 500 Ha\u00eftiens arriv\u00e9s au pays de fa\u00e7on document\u00e9e entre 2017 et 2019 \u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9tablis aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n

L\u2019attaque du Qu\u00e9bec contre le parrainage des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n

L\u2019immigration, qu\u2019ossa donne?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Depuis, la situation en Ha\u00efti n\u2019a fait qu\u2019empirer. Le nombre de b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires d\u2019un statut de protection a explos\u00e9. En 2023, j\u2019ai d\u2019ailleurs plaid\u00e9 pour <\/a>que le Canada intervienne militairement afin d\u2019appuyer les forces polici\u00e8res ha\u00eftiennes et la population dans la reprise du contr\u00f4le de l\u2019\u00c9tat, tomb\u00e9 entre les mains des gangs. \u00a0Mais au lieu de se stabiliser, le pays a sombr\u00e9 davantage.<\/p>\n

Aucune perspective de retour en Ha\u00efti<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Au d\u00e9but du mois d\u2019avril, des gangs ont attaqu\u00e9 une prison \u00e0 Mirebalais, permettant \u00e0 au moins 529 d\u00e9tenus<\/a> de s’\u00e9vader. Deux religieuses, les s\u0153urs Evanette Onezaire et Jeanne Voltaire<\/a> de la Congr\u00e9gation des Petites S\u0153urs de Sainte-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se de l’Enfant J\u00e9sus, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 assassin\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re barbare. La communaut\u00e9 internationale est rest\u00e9e largement indiff\u00e9rente.<\/p>\n

\"Deux<\/a>
Un jeune ha\u00eftien porte un petit gar\u00e7on sur son dos dans une \u00e9cole qui sert maintenant d’abri \u00e0 ceux qui fuient leurs maisons pour \u00e9chapper \u00e0 la violence des gangs \u00e0 Port-au-Prince, en Ha\u00efti, le lundi 14 avril 2025. Photo AP\/Odelyn Joseph<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Cela fait plusieurs ann\u00e9es que l’\u00c9tat ha\u00eftien a \u00e9chou\u00e9. Aucun sc\u00e9nario cr\u00e9dible ne laisse entrevoir une reprise du contr\u00f4le sur les gangs \u00e0 court ou moyen terme. Le climat demeure trop dangereux pour envisager un retour en Ha\u00efti des personnes b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant d’un statut de protection temporaire aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Et il ne faut pas s\u2019attendre \u00e0 ce que les tribunaux am\u00e9ricains freinent les intentions du pr\u00e9sident Trump.<\/p>\n

Une capacit\u00e9 d\u2019accueil fragilis\u00e9e<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pr\u00e9sentement, les programmes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale au Qu\u00e9bec sont \u00e0 la fois surcharg\u00e9s et sous-financ\u00e9s, la cote de cr\u00e9dit a \u00e9t\u00e9 abaiss\u00e9e<\/a>, et la province accumule toujours les d\u00e9ficits. Par ailleurs, notre principal partenaire commercial vient d\u2019entamer une guerre commerciale contre nous, rendant presque in\u00e9vitable une r\u00e9cession cette ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Il faut r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir s\u00e9rieusement \u00e0 un plan d\u2019action, et vite, car le Qu\u00e9bec n\u2019a pas actuellement la capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces enjeux.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Qu\u00e9bec doit se pr\u00e9parer \u00e0 accueillir un nombre potentiellement \u00e9lev\u00e9 de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ha\u00eftiens en provenance des \u00c9tats-Unis, et ce, dans un contexte \u00e9conomique et institutionnel d\u00e9j\u00e0 tendu. En f\u00e9vrier 2025, l\u2019administration Trump a annonc\u00e9 qu\u2019elle r\u00e9duisait \u00e0 12 mois la prolongation du statut de protection temporaire accord\u00e9e aux Ha\u00eftiens vivant aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Cette prolongation, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":272648,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"apple_news_api_created_at":"2025-08-30T12:04:16Z","apple_news_api_id":"c74e4966-9ba0-4da3-8014-b71eb4784ccc","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2025-08-30T12:04:16Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/Ax05JZpugTaOAFLcetHhMzA","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false},"categories":[9387,9401,9372],"tags":[9329,8445],"article-status":[],"irpp-category":[4271],"section":[],"irpp-tag":[7166],"class_list":["post-271815","issues","type-issues","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-elaboration-de-politiques","category-immigration","category-recent-stories-fr","tag-demographie","tag-refugees-fr","irpp-category-immigration","irpp-tag-refugies"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ha\u00eftiens : le Qu\u00e9bec est-il pr\u00eat \u00e0 faire face \u00e0 un nouvel afflux migratoire ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/policyoptions.irpp.org\/fr\/2025\/05\/refugies-haitiens-quebec\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ha\u00eftiens : le Qu\u00e9bec est-il pr\u00eat \u00e0 faire face \u00e0 un nouvel afflux migratoire ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le Qu\u00e9bec doit se pr\u00e9parer \u00e0 accueillir un nombre potentiellement \u00e9lev\u00e9 de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ha\u00eftiens en provenance des \u00c9tats-Unis, et ce, dans un contexte \u00e9conomique et institutionnel d\u00e9j\u00e0 tendu. En f\u00e9vrier 2025, l\u2019administration Trump a annonc\u00e9 qu\u2019elle r\u00e9duisait \u00e0 12 mois la prolongation du statut de protection temporaire accord\u00e9e aux Ha\u00eftiens vivant aux \u00c9tats-Unis. 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